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This article is cited by 66 publications. For the injection of 100 ОјL of 200 ng mL в€’1 mercury solution at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, the flow injection studies resulted in the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 8%, concentration detection limit of 10 ng/mL, and mass detection limit of 1 ng for mercury. The accuracy is found to be between 7% and 0.6% for major to trace levels of constituent elements and the precision between 11% and 0.6%. The obtained results are in good agreement with the certified values. The method is applied for the determination of the elemental constituents in different matrix materials such as tuna fish (IAEA-350), oyster tissue (NIST SRM 1566a), and coal fly ash (CFA SRM 1633b).

At an integration time of 0.3 s, the relative standard deviation (RSD) values of the acid blank solutions are found to be less than 10% for the elements Ca, Cu, Cd, Hg, Fe, and Zn and 18% for Pb. The limit of detections of Ca, Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg, Fe, and Zn are determined to be 17, 11, 5, 45, 15, 28, and 3 ng mL в€’1. The analytical response curves for Ca, Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg, Fe, and Zn demonstrated good linearity. The optimized molarity of the solution is 0.2 M. Interfaced to atomic emission spectrometry (AES), its analytical performance is evaluated. Cathode (ground) connection is given to the solution at the V-groove itself. Plasma fluctuations arising from the variations in the gap between solid anode and liquid cathode were eliminated by providing a V-groove to the liquid glass-capillary. The present configuration leads to a stable plasma even at low flow rates (0.96 mL/min). An open-to-air type electrolyte cathode discharge (ELCAD) has been developed with a new design.

Elcad optic